第五集 · 时态
回顾
在上一集教程中,我们其实已经跟“时态”见过面了,不管是动词的“第三人称单数现在式”,还是动词的“过去形式”,都是在冥冥之中暗示读这个句子的人某个动作(动词)发生的时间。
其中,时态“一般现在时”可以用来表达一个现在的事实。请见下方的例句:
I go to school every day.
我每天上学。
The Sun rises in the east.
太阳从东方升起。
时态“一般过去式”可以用来表达一个过去的动作。请见下方的例句:
They had a baby last month.
他们上个月生了个小孩。
I stayed there for two months.
我在那里待了两个月。
在这一集教程中,我们学习了“现在进行时”。使用这个语法,我们可以表达正在进行的动作。它的构成形式是:
be动词 + 动词的ing形式
be动词变化表(现在时态)
| 主语 | be动词应为 |
|---|---|
| I(我) | am |
| 其他单数主语 | is |
| 复数主语 | are |
🖊️实践
They ❓ playing music.
他们正演奏音乐。
She is ❓ music.
她正在演奏音乐。
问号处应该填写什么单词合适呢
英语中的“现在完成时”用来表达已经发生的动作,并且对现在有影响,它的动词构成形式是:
have动词 + 动词的过去分词形式
have动词变化表
| 主语 | have动词应为 |
|---|---|
| I(我) | have |
| 其他单数主语 | has |
| 复数主语 | have |
🖊️实践
问号处应该填写什么单词合适呢?达西老师给了你一些选项。
I ❓ learned a lot.
我学到了很多。
- have
- has
The car has ❓.
车子已经到了。
- arrive(原形)
- arrives(三单)
- arrived(过去分词/过去式)
- arriving(ing形式/现在分词)
我在下方列出了常见的不规则动词变化表,这一次,我将动词的“过去式”和“过去分词”同时列了出来,方便你一起参考。不要忘记,“过去式”是在“一般过去式”时态使用的,而“过去分词”我们目前用在“现在完成式”中。
值得我再次重申的是,下方表格的内容你很可能觉得内容有些多,你的任务并不是记住他们,而是在合适的时候查询他们。之所以我要不断重申这一点,是因为很多同学看到这么多内容后会退缩,万万不要因小失大。让我们继续进步,加油💪!
显示“常用不规则动词变化表”
| 动词原形 | 过去式 | 过去分词 |
|---|---|---|
| burst | burst | burst |
| cost | cost | cost |
| cut | cut | cut |
| hit | hit | hit |
| hurt | hurt | hurt |
| let | let | let |
| put | put | put |
| set | set | set |
| spread | spread | spread |
| bind | bound | bound |
| breed | bred | bred |
| bring | brought | brought |
| build | built | built |
| catch | caught | caught |
| deal | dealt | dealt |
| dig | dug | dug |
| feed | fed | fed |
| find | found | found |
| get | got | got/gotten |
| hide | hid | hid/hidden |
| hold | held | held |
| keep | kept | kept |
| lead | led | led |
| leave | left | left |
| make | made | made |
| mean | meant | meant |
| pay | paid | paid |
| have | had | had |
| hear | heard | heard |
| send | sent | sent |
| shoot | shot | shot |
| sit | sat | sat |
| sleep | slept | slept |
| say | said | said |
| sell | sold | sold |
| stand | stood | stood |
| teach | taught | taught |
| tell | told | told |
| think | thought | thought |
| win | won | won |
| do | did | done |
| eat | ate | eaten |
| forget | forgot | forgot/forgotten |
| give | gave | given |
| go | went | gone |
| know | knew | known |
| see | saw | seen |
| speak | spoke | spoken |
| take | took | taken |
| write | wrote | written |
| come | came | come |
| win | won | won |
| become | became | become |
| run | ran | run |